近义词汇总

NO.1

happen/take place二者都有“发生”的意思

(1)happen指事情的发生，往往带有"偶然"的意思。

●It happens that I am free today.

●恰好今天我没有事。

(2)take place 指事先安排或策划好而后发生，没有"偶然"的意思。

NO.2

must/have to

(1)must表示说话人的主观看法;而have to则表示客观需要。

(2)mustn't意为“不可以;不允许”;don't have to意为“不必”。如：

●My father had to work when he was ten years old。

●The play is not interesting，I really must go now。

NO.3

arrive/reach/get to 三者都有“到达”之意

(1)reach为及物动词。

●They reached Tianjin yesterday.

昨天他们到达天津。

(2)arrive为不及物动词，后面接介词 in 或 at

(3)get to常用于口语，可代替前二者。

NO.4

because/because of 二者均表示“因为”

(1)because是连词，引导状语从句。

●We stayed at home because it rained.

因为下雨，我们呆在家。

(2)because of是短语介词，后面接名词性词语。

●We stayed at home because of the rain .

因为下雨，我们呆在家。

NO.5

in front of/in the front of

(1)in front of 意思是"在……前面"，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括;其反义词是behind (在……的后面)。

●He walked in fount of me。

他走在我的前面。

●There are some flowers in fount of the house。

房子前面有些花卉。

(2)in the front of 意思是"在某一空间内的前部"，即甲物在乙物的范围之内;其反义词是at the back of…(在……范围内的后部)。

●There is a big desk and a blackboard in the fount of our classroom。

我们的教室前边有一张大桌子和一块黑板。

●Our teacher stands in the fount of the classroom。

我们的老师站在教室前。

NO.6

sometime/sometimes/sometime/some times

(1)sometime是副词，可与过去时或将来时连用，表示"(在过去)某个时候"或"(在将来)某个时候"。

●I saw him sometime in May。

(2)some time多数情况下作名词短语，意为"一些时间;一些时候";它还可以作副词词组，用来表示一个未肯定的时刻，此时它可与sometime互换。

●I'll be away for some time。

(3)sometimes是一个表示时间频率的副词，意为"有时候"。

●Sometimes I help my mother with the housework。

some times是"几次、几倍"之意。

●They have been there several times。

NO.7

how long/how often/how far/how soon

(1)how long意为"多久、多长时间"，主要是对一段时间进行提问，答语通常是(for)three days/weeks/months等时间段，它可用于各种时态。

●How long do you stay in Beijing every year?

每年你在北京住多久?

(2)how often意为"多久……次、是否经常"，用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是always，usually，often，sometimes，once/twice a day/month等。

●How often do you get to school very early?

你多久早到校一次?

(3)how far意为"多远"，对距离提问时用。

●How far is that? 那有多远?

(4)how soon意为"还要多久"，是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问，常用在一般将来时态的句子中，其答语通常是"in + 一段时间"。

●How soon can you finish the work?

还要多久你能完成这项工作?

●In half an hour.

半小时后。

NO.8

agree with/agree to/agree on

两者都有“同意“、”赞成”的意思

(1)agree with 后面常接表示人或意见(看法)的名词作宾语;还有“适合”、“符合”的含义。

●The climate here doesn't agree with him。

他不适合这里的气候。

(2)agree to 后面一般接表示提议、办法、计划之类的名词作宾语。

(3)agree on 就…达成一致的意见。

NO.9

across/cross/crossing/through/past

(1)cross 意为“横过， 穿过”为动词，相当于walk(go，run)across

●Look both ways before you cross the road。

(2)across意为“横过，穿过”为介词，不作动词，不能作谓语，常放在动词之后，如：go across

●He walked across the field。

(3)through 是介词，含有“从…中间穿越”之意，表示四周含有物体的穿越。

●The ball went through the window。

(4)past既可作形容词也可作副词，做副词时有：“穿过，越过”之意。

●Will you be going past my house on your way home?

(5)crossing意为“渡口，人行横道，(铁路与公路的)交叉点。

●All the cars should stop before the zebra crossing。

NO.10

few/a few/little/a little

虽然都表示“少”，但 ：

(1) few，a few是可数的;

(2) little，a little是不可数的。

(3) a few，a little含肯定意味;

(4) few，little含否定意味。

●They have a little ink，don't they?

他们有一点墨水，是吗?

●They have little ink，do they?

他们几乎没有墨水，是吗?

●She has a few Chinese friends，doesn't she?

他有几位中国朋友，是吗?

●She has few Chinese friends，does she?

他几乎没有几位中国朋友，是吗?

●She has a little dog 她有一只小狗。

NO.11

not…until, until

(1)not…until 直到…才… (主句动词是短暂性动词)

●He didn't go to bed until his mother came back...

(2)until 一直到… (主句中使用延续性动词)

●I study hard until it is midnight every day.

NO.12

spend/pay/cost/take

(1)Sb. Spend…on sth. 某人花了…(时间、金钱)在某事上。

●I spend ten yuan on the book.

(2)spend (in) doing sth. 某人花了…(时间、金钱)做某事。

●She spent two hours in drawing the house.

(3)Sb. pay…for…sth. 某人为某物花了…钱。

●I paid 50 yuan for the clothes.

(4)Sth. cost sb. …某物花了某人…钱。

●It cost us five dollars.

(5)It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(时间、金钱)做某事。

●It takes us ten minutes to brush my teeth every day.

NO.13

also/either/too/as well

(1)also用于肯定句。

●You study English and I also study it.

你学英语，我也学。

(2)either用于否定句，并放在句尾。

●You don't study English and I don't study it either.

你不学英语，我也不学。

(3)too和as well 用于肯定句，放在句尾，多用于口语。

●You are a student and I am a student，too.

你是学生，我也是。

●You know the way and I know it as well.

你知道路，我也知道。

NO.14

besides/except/except for/but“除……之外”

(1)besides的意思是"除…之外，还有…"是肯定的;

(2)besides后面的宾语在内，含有"加上"的意思。

●I have three other pens besides this.

除了这支笔外，我还有另外三支笔。